Husna, Amity University Kolkata
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is the total amount of filtration done by the functioning nephrons in the kidney and it is considered an optimum way to measure the kidney’s function. GFR along with albuminuria can determine the extent of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in an individual. The annual decline of the functioning of kidneys is a major cause of kidney failure. So it’s important to understand the relationships between the risk factors of kidney failure and the annual decline in glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) according to baseline age group.
A community-based study was conducted to assess the risk for loss of kidney function and it included participants of different age groups (40–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70–79, and ≥ 80 years). The standard clinical parameters such as age, sex, blood pressure, treatment of hypertension, body mass index (BMI), urinary protein, haemoglobin, total cholesterol, smoking status, history of coronary disease, and history of stroke, were recorded. Blood pressure of the individuals was measured in a sitting position after a brief rest period. Urinary dipstick test strips were used to assess random spot urine samples and the results were recorded and the eGFR was also calculated from serum creatinine levels. Information on current smoking status (regardless of smoking history), history of coronary artery disease (angina or myocardial infarction), and history of strokes (haemorrhagic or ischemic stroke) were recorded as well.
Mostly in each age group, the annual loss of kidney function was due to lower haemoglobin levels and diabetes mellitus. However, the analysis revealed a faster loss of kidney function in the older age group participants due to higher systolic blood pressure, proteinuria, and those with current smoking history. Hence, more evaluation of the risk factors is needed for personalized care of the elderly old age group patients.
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