Richismita Hazra, Amity University Kolkata
The world of electronics is engorging as today it has many avant-garde ideas and projects, already under investigation, that will be put into practice in a short time horizon. Digitization of the human body by powerful technologies has provided great convenience to mankind for the past many decades. With the aid of artificial intelligence(AI) and edge computing, the establishment of a sustainable wireless internet of things (IoT) sensory system is gaining ground. Mechanical energy is one of the dominant energy sources from the human body. This offers a great opportunity for piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) and triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) to develop energy harvesters and self-powered sensors.
Piezoelectric effect refers to the generation of electric charge by certain solid materials like crystals, ceramic polymers, and biological mattes (bone, DNA, proteins), in response to applied mechanical stress/strain which leads to the polarization of its electric dipole moment. Whereas, triboelectric effect refers to the phenomenon in which opposite electric charges are developed on both surfaces of two materials with different electronegativities through physical contact to balance the surface potential. This results in the generation of a potential drop on both surfaces after their separation and accumulating charges on electrodes of both materials. Due to this, current flows through the external circuit in response to physical interaction thereby making TENG applicable to the realization of mechanical energy harvesting tasks for electronics via a specific management circuit.
This study features PENG and TENG techniques with simple conversion mechanisms and easy integration for wearable and implantable devices. Wireless data and energy transmission on for PENG and TENG have been investigated for IoT sensory systems and self-powered tactile sensors that are based on PENG and TENG are discussed in this report. Moreover PENG and TENG hybridized devices and other approaches for improved sustainability of IoT networks are to be introduced. Recent advances and future outlooks regarding the sustainable wireless sensory systems specifically for the human body will revolutionize the digitization era.
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Source:
Making use of nanoenergy from human – Nanogenerator and self-powered sensor-enabled sustainable wireless IoT sensory systemsMinglu Zhu, Zhiran Yi, Bin Yang, Chengkuo Lee https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2020.101016
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